Will my skin be affected by my radiation treatment?

Changes to the skin can occur in about 85-95% of the population undergoing radiation treatment. While your skin may not be the intended focus of the radiation treatment, radiation has a destructive effect on normal tissue surrounding the treatment area. These changes are often referred to as radiation dermatitis, which means inflammation of the skin, or radiation burn. The word “burn” may sound scary, but it is often referred to as this because skin changes can resemble a sunburn.

The specific skin changes that may occur will be based on the type of radiation treatment and the part of the body being treated. Talk to your team before starting radiation to get a better idea of what skin changes you may experience.

The degree of skin changes and potential damage will vary amongst patients due to factors such as:

• The dose and length of time radiation is being administered

• Location of the radiation treatment

• Different skin types

• Age of the patient

• Pre-existing skin conditions

• Concurrent chemotherapy treatments

When will these changes occur?

While every patient’s experience may differ, most individuals receiving radiation therapy can expect to see skin changes within 7-14 days. It is, however, possible for patients to see changes to the skin weeks after treatment has ended.

What are some of the changes I can expect near the site of my radiation?

• Itching, tingling, redness, dryness, or irritation to the skin

• A sensation of the skin feeling “tight”

• Localized swelling

• Hair loss and changes to the pores

• Blisters or ulcers

• Changes to the skin color (pigmentation)

• Localized discomfort

It is important to note that changes to the skin in most cases are temporary but can be permanent.

How can I support my skin during these changes?

• Wash your skin with cool water and mild, unscented soaps. Do not use abrasive wash cloths or sponges to the area. Gently pat your skin dry with a soft towel.

• Use unscented moisturizers on the affected skin. Make sure to confirm with your radiation oncologist if this is appropriate, especially if other topical ointments are prescribed.

• Try to reduce your sun exposure and use sunblock with SPF 50 or more

• Wear loose clothing. You want to avoid friction on the skin.

• When receiving radiation to the breast, wear bras with no underwire

• Use a gentle detergent for washing your clothes

• Maximize your fluid and food consumption. Diets high in protein will help aid in healing.

What should I avoid?

• Use of razors. If shaving is needed, try using an electric razor to reduce skin harm.

• Heating/cold pads

• Wearing make-up, scented lotions, or perfumes

• Hot tubs and swimming in pools/oceans/lakes

• When receiving breast radiation, avoid wearing tight fitting bras.

• If radiating the breast avoid underwire bras and whenever possible avoid wearing a bra altogether.

When should I contact my radiation oncologist?

It is important to monitor yourself for any signs and symptoms of infection. If you notice any fever, bleeding, or discharge from your skin, contact your oncology team for guidance. Medicated ointments or oral medications can be prescribed to help with healing. For patients who suffer from chronic radiation effects, a referral for oxygen therapy (Hyperbaric oxygen therapy) may be appropriate.